This tutorial demonstrates how to create a basic Struts 2 Application in Eclipse using Tomcat 7.0 server (A simple login application).
Before we start with the application we need the following:
Before we start with the application we need the following:
- Tomcat 5.0 or above. Click here to download
- Eclipse IDE ( Enterprise Edition).
- Struts2 jar files. Click here to download
Step 1: Create a dynamic web project in Eclipse.
Step 2: Enter the project name and make sure the target runtime is
set to the downloaded Apache tomcat server as shown in the below picture and
click on Next. If it’s set to ‘None’, Click on ‘New Runtime’ tab and select the
downloaded Apache version from the list.
Step 3: Click again on next and make sure ‘Generate web.xml
deployment descriptor’ field is checked on the last page before you click on
finish.
Step 4: Add the following struts2 jars (present in the
downloaded struts2 -> lib folder) in the
WebContent -> WEB-INF -> lib
location of the project.
Step 5: Edit the web.xml file ( WebContent -> WEB-INF
-> lib) and the following code just after the </welcome-file-list> end tag as follows:
The new web.xml should look as follows:
Step 6: Create
struts.xml file in the Java Resources -> src folder of the project and copy
the following code into struts.xml:
Step 7: Create a package ‘com.action’ and create a class named ‘TutorialAction’
within that package and paste the following code in the class file:
Step 8: Create 3 JSP files in
Webcontent folder namely index.jsp, output.jsp and error.jsp and paste the
following codes into the respective JSP files.
index.jsp
output.jsp
error.jsp
Step 9: The final directory structure should look as
follows:
Step 10: Run the application by right clicking on the
‘MyFirstStruts2App’ and click on ‘Run on Server’. If you see the following
screen everything went right. (In case you get some error check all the steps
again if you have missed anything).
Enter
the username as ‘admin’ and password as ‘admin123’ and click on Submit. You
would get the welcome screen of output.jsp
Test your application by entering a wrong username or
password and click on Submit. You would get the error screen of error.jsp
Notes:
- The index.jsp is created as the first page because it’s already present by default in the web.xml file. If you want to add a new file as the first page (e.g. home.jsp), add the appropriate file name in the <welcome-file-list> tag of web.xml
- Make sure you have all the jar files in the proper location. (In case you get an error of NoClassDefFoundError, it’s probably because of a missing jar file).
- The username and password can be changed by modifying the execute method of the TutorialAction class.
- By default the execute method is invoked whenever the action class is called and this method should always return a String which is mapped in the struts.xml. If you need to call your own method modify the struts.xml by adding a method attribute with the method name as the value in the action tag as follows:
- The main entry point to the Struts2 part of the application is the filter tag part of the web.xml
- The line <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> in the output.jsp and index.jsp is used to enable struts tags.
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